Infertility treatment focuses on addressing the challenges couples face in conceiving a child. Approaches to treatment vary widely depending on the underlying causes, which can be related to either or both partners. Treatments range from lifestyle changes and natural remedies to advanced medical procedures. Here's an overview:

Causes of Infertility

In Women:

• Ovulatory Disorders (e.g., PCOS, hypothalamic dysfunction)
• Tubal Blockage or Damage (e.g., from pelvic inflammatory disease)
• Endometriosis
• Uterine Abnormalities (e.g., fibroids or polyps)
• Age-related Factors (decline in egg quality and quantity)

Conventional Infertility Treatments

1. Lifestyle Modifications

• Maintaining a healthy weight and balanced diet.
• Managing stress and avoiding tobacco, alcohol, and excessive caffeine.
• Regular exercise.

2. Medications

• For Women:
  • Clomiphene Citrate (Clomid): Stimulates ovulation.
  • Gonadotropins: Hormonal injections for ovulation induction.
  • Letrozole: Used for ovulatory issues like PCOS.
  • Progesterone: Supports the luteal phase after ovulation.

3. Surgical Procedures:-

• For Women:
  • Laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis or removing uterine fibroids.
  • Tubal surgery to repair or unblock fallopian tubes.

4. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)

• Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): Placing sperm directly into the uterus during ovulation.
• In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Fertilizing eggs with sperm in a lab and transferring embryos to the uterus.
• Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): A single sperm is injected into an egg to address male factor infertility.
• Egg or Sperm Donation: Used when one partner has no viable gametes.
• Surrogacy: When carrying a pregnancy is not possible for the intended mother.